55 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
55 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
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title = "Charge Amplifiers"
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author = ["Thomas Dehaeze"]
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draft = false
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Tags
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: [Electronics]({{< relref "electronics" >}})
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## Description {#description}
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A charge amplifier outputs a voltage proportional to the charge generated by a sensor connected to its inputs.
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This can be typically used to interface with piezoelectric sensors.
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## Basic Circuit {#basic-circuit}
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Two basic circuits of charge amplifiers are shown in Figure [1](#org3aa62a6) (taken from ([Fleming 2010](#orgd8b7cb4))) and Figure [2](#org18afeb8) (taken from ([Schmidt, Schitter, and Rankers 2014](#orga9d9a6b)))
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<a id="org3aa62a6"></a>
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{{< figure src="/ox-hugo/charge_amplifier_circuit.png" caption="Figure 1: Electrical model of a piezoelectric force sensor is shown in gray. The op-amp charge amplifier is shown on the right. The output voltage \\(V\_s\\) equal to \\(-q/C\_s\\)" >}}
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<a id="org18afeb8"></a>
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{{< figure src="/ox-hugo/charge_amplifier_circuit_bis.png" caption="Figure 2: A piezoelectric accelerometer with a charge amplifier as signal conditioning element" >}}
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The input impedance of the charge amplifier is very small (unlike when using a voltage amplifier).
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The gain of the charge amplified (Figure [1](#org3aa62a6)) is equal to:
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\\[ \frac{V\_s}{q} = \frac{-1}{C\_s} \\]
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## Manufacturers {#manufacturers}
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| Manufacturers | Links | Country |
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|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|
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| PCB | [link](https://www.pcb.com/sensors-for-test-measurement/electronics/line-powered-multi-channel-signal-conditioners) | USA |
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| HBM | [link](https://www.hbm.com/en/2660/paceline-cma-charge-amplifier-analogamplifier/) | Germany |
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| Kistler | [link](https://www.kistler.com/fr/produits/composants/conditionnement-de-signal/) | Swiss |
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| MMF | [link](https://www.mmf.de/signal%5Fconditioners.htm) | Germany |
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| DJB | [link](https://www.djbinstruments.com/products/instrumentation/view/9-Channel-Charge-Voltage-Amplifier-IEPE-Signal-Conditioning-Rack-Mounted) | UK |
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| MTI Instruments | [link](https://www.mtiinstruments.com/products/turbine-balancing-vibration-analysis/charge-amplifiers/ca1800/) | USA |
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| Sinocera | [link](http://www.china-yec.net/instruments/signal-conditioner/multi-channels-charge-amplifier.html) | China |
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| L-Card | [link](https://en.lcard.ru/products/accesories/le-41) | Rusia |
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## Bibliography {#bibliography}
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<a id="orgd8b7cb4"></a>Fleming, A.J. 2010. “Nanopositioning System with Force Feedback for High-Performance Tracking and Vibration Control.” _IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics_ 15 (3):433–47. <https://doi.org/10.1109/tmech.2009.2028422>.
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<a id="orga9d9a6b"></a>Schmidt, R Munnig, Georg Schitter, and Adrian Rankers. 2014. _The Design of High Performance Mechatronics - 2nd Revised Edition_. Ios Press.
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