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< h1 class = "title" > Equipment< / h1 >
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< div id = "table-of-contents" >
< h2 > Table of Contents< / h2 >
< div id = "text-table-of-contents" >
< ul >
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< li > < a href = "#org1af5a65" > 1. Sensors< / a >
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< ul >
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< li > < a href = "#org345de9b" > 1.1. Inertial Sensor< / a >
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< ul >
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< li > < a href = "#org9eb440f" > 1.1.1. Accelerometers< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#org1c1685c" > 1.1.2. Geophones< / a > < / li >
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< / ul >
< / li >
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< li > < a href = "#org3d1b26a" > 1.2. Force Sensors< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#org2219d70" > 1.3. Position Sensor< / a >
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< ul >
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< li > < a href = "#org0571216" > 1.3.1. Strain Gauge< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#orgdbc987c" > 1.3.2. Capacitive Sensor< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#orgab64af2" > 1.3.3. Inductive Sensor (Eddy Current)< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#org3d05a82" > 1.3.4. Inductive Sensor (LVDT)< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#org788de27" > 1.3.5. Interferometers< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#orge74fed5" > 1.3.6. Fiber Optic Displacement Sensor< / a > < / li >
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< / ul >
< / li >
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< li > < a href = "#orge1364ea" > 1.4. Bibliography< / a > < / li >
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< / ul >
< / li >
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< li > < a href = "#orgabf9f04" > 2. Actuators< / a >
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< ul >
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< li > < a href = "#orgec3fd5e" > 2.1. Piezoelectric< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#org20c1e41" > 2.2. Voice Coil< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#orga9c7719" > 2.3. Shaker< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#org1da29ca" > 2.4. Brushless DC Motor< / a > < / li >
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< / ul >
< / li >
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< li > < a href = "#org011f249" > 3. Measurement System / Acquisition System< / a >
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< ul >
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< li > < a href = "#org17d2642" > 3.1. Modal Analysis< / a > < / li >
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< / ul >
< / li >
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< li > < a href = "#orgf3365f1" > 4. Control System< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#org481e1ce" > 5. Positioning Stages< / a >
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< ul >
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< li > < a href = "#orgb4655dc" > 5.1. Hexapods< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#orgc48a5cf" > 5.2. Translation/Rotation Stage< / a > < / li >
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< / ul >
< / li >
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< li > < a href = "#orgbbd93cc" > 6. Amplifiers< / a >
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< ul >
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< li > < a href = "#org7e96b05" > 6.1. Current Amplifiers< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#org1064094" > 6.2. Voltage Amplifiers< / a > < / li >
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< / ul >
< / li >
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< li > < a href = "#org92a9089" > 7. ESRF Equipment< / a >
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< ul >
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< li > < a href = "#org4a238fa" > 7.1. Geophones< / a >
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< ul >
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< li > < a href = "#org2eb48c6" > 7.1.1. L-28LB< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#orgb9bdb92" > 7.1.2. L-4C< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#org9d19902" > 7.1.3. L-22< / a > < / li >
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< / ul >
< / li >
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< li > < a href = "#org8cac7ce" > 7.2. Accelerometers< / a >
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< ul >
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< li > < a href = "#org1af85ed" > 7.2.1. Pieozoelectric acc. 356b18 - 3 axis< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#org5b121e6" > 7.2.2. Ceramic acc. 393B05 - 1 axis< / a > < / li >
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< / ul >
< / li >
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< li > < a href = "#org1f35a50" > 7.3. Modal analysis< / a > < / li >
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< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / div >
< / div >
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< h2 id = "org1af5a65" > < span class = "section-number-2" > 1< / span > Sensors< / h2 >
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< / div >
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< h3 id = "org345de9b" > < span class = "section-number-3" > 1.1< / span > Inertial Sensor< / h3 >
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< / div >
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< h4 id = "org9eb440f" > < span class = "section-number-4" > 1.1.1< / span > Accelerometers< / h4 >
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< td class = "org-left" > Micromega Dynamics< / td >
< td class = "org-left" > < a href = "https://micromega-dynamics.com/products/" > link< / a > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td class = "org-left" > MMF< / td >
< td class = "org-left" > < a href = "https://www.mmf.de/seismic_accelerometers.htm" > link< / a > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td class = "org-left" > PCB< / td >
< td class = "org-left" > < a href = "https://www.pcb.com/products/productfinder.aspx?tx=14" > link< / a > < / td >
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< p >
Wireless Accelerometers
< / p >
< ul class = "org-ul" >
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< li > < a href = "https://micromega-dynamics.com/products/recovib/miniature-vibration-recorder/" > https://micromega-dynamics.com/products/recovib/miniature-vibration-recorder/< / a > < / li >
< / ul >
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< div id = "org955bc21" class = "figure" >
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< p > < img src = "figs/characteristics_accelerometers.png" alt = "characteristics_accelerometers.png" / >
< / p >
< p > < span class = "figure-number" > Figure 1: < / span > Characteristics of commercially available accelerometers cite:collette11< sub > review< / sub > < / p >
< / div >
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< / div >
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< div id = "outline-container-org1c1685c" class = "outline-4" >
< h4 id = "org1c1685c" > < span class = "section-number-4" > 1.1.2< / span > Geophones< / h4 >
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< td class = "org-left" > Sercel< / td >
< td class = "org-left" > < a href = "http://www.sercel.com/products/Pages/seismometers.aspx" > link< / a > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td class = "org-left" > Wilcoxon< / td >
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< div id = "orgdeb57d4" class = "figure" >
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< p > < img src = "figs/characteristics_geophone.png" alt = "characteristics_geophone.png" / >
< / p >
< p > < span class = "figure-number" > Figure 2: < / span > Characteristics of commercially available geophones cite:collette11< sub > review< / sub > < / p >
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< td class = "org-left" > PCB< / td >
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< div id = "orge91b043" class = "figure" >
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< p > < img src = "figs/characteristics_relative_sensor.png" alt = "characteristics_relative_sensor.png" / >
< / p >
< p > < span class = "figure-number" > Figure 3: < / span > Characteristics of relative measurement sensors cite:collette11< sub > review< / sub > < / p >
< / div >
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< div id = "orgc101b9e" class = "figure" >
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< p > < img src = "figs/position_sensor_characteristics.png" alt = "position_sensor_characteristics.png" / >
< / p >
< p > < span class = "figure-number" > Figure 4: < / span > Position sensor characteristics cite:fleming13< sub > review< / sub > < sub > nanom< / sub > < sub > resol< / sub > < sub > posit< / sub > < sub > sensor< / sub > < / p >
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< h4 id = "org0571216" > < span class = "section-number-4" > 1.3.1< / span > Strain Gauge< / h4 >
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< h4 id = "orgdbc987c" > < span class = "section-number-4" > 1.3.2< / span > Capacitive Sensor< / h4 >
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< p >
Description:
< / p >
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< ul class = "org-ul" >
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< li > < a href = "http://www.lionprecision.com/tech-library/technotes/cap-0020-sensor-theory.html" > http://www.lionprecision.com/tech-library/technotes/cap-0020-sensor-theory.html< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://www.lionprecision.com/comparing-capacitive-and-eddy-current-sensors" > https://www.lionprecision.com/comparing-capacitive-and-eddy-current-sensors< / a > < / li >
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< td class = "org-left" > Micro Sense< / td >
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< / tr >
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< td class = "org-left" > Micro-Epsilon< / td >
< td class = "org-left" > < a href = "https://www.micro-epsilon.com/displacement-position-sensors/capacitive-sensor/" > link< / a > < / td >
< / tr >
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< td class = "org-left" > PI< / td >
< td class = "org-left" > < a href = "https://www.physikinstrumente.com/en/technology/sensor-technologies/capacitive-sensors/" > link< / a > < / td >
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< td class = "org-left" > Unipulse< / td >
< td class = "org-left" > < a href = "https://www.unipulse.com/product/ps-ia/" > link< / a > < / td >
< / tr >
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< td class = "org-left" > Lion-Precision< / td >
< td class = "org-left" > < a href = "https://www.lionprecision.com/products/capacitive-sensors" > link< / a > < / td >
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< div id = "outline-container-orgab64af2" class = "outline-4" >
< h4 id = "orgab64af2" > < span class = "section-number-4" > 1.3.3< / span > Inductive Sensor (Eddy Current)< / h4 >
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< div class = "outline-text-4" id = "text-1-3-3" >
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< td class = "org-left" > Micro-Epsilon< / td >
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< / tr >
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< td class = "org-left" > Lion Precision< / td >
< td class = "org-left" > < a href = "https://www.lionprecision.com/products/eddy-current-sensors" > link< / a > < / td >
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< h4 id = "org3d05a82" > < span class = "section-number-4" > 1.3.4< / span > Inductive Sensor (LVDT)< / h4 >
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< td class = "org-left" > Micro-Epsilon< / td >
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< td class = "org-left" > Keyence< / td >
< td class = "org-left" > < a href = "https://www.keyence.eu/products/measure/contact-distance-lvdt/gt2/index.jsp" > link< / a > < / td >
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< div id = "outline-container-org788de27" class = "outline-4" >
< h4 id = "org788de27" > < span class = "section-number-4" > 1.3.5< / span > Interferometers< / h4 >
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< td class = "org-left" > Zygo< / td >
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< td class = "org-left" > Smaract< / td >
< td class = "org-left" > < a href = "https://www.smaract.com/interferometry" > link< / a > < / td >
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< td class = "org-left" > Qutools< / td >
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< td class = "org-left" > Renishaw< / td >
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< td class = "org-left" > Sios< / td >
< td class = "org-left" > < a href = "https://sios-de.com/products/length-measurement/laser-interferometer/" > link< / a > < / td >
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< td class = "org-left" > Keysight< / td >
< td class = "org-left" > < a href = "https://www.keysight.com/en/pc-1000000393%3Aepsg%3Apgr/laser-heads?nid=-536900395.0&cc=FR&lc=fre" > link< / a > < / td >
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< table border = "2" cellspacing = "0" cellpadding = "6" rules = "groups" frame = "hsides" >
< caption class = "t-above" > < span class = "table-number" > Table 1:< / span > Characteristics of Environmental Units< / caption >
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< th scope = "col" class = "org-left" >   < / th >
< th scope = "col" class = "org-right" > Temperature (\(\pm\ ^oC\))< / th >
< th scope = "col" class = "org-right" > Pressure (\(\pm\ hPa\))< / th >
< th scope = "col" class = "org-right" > Humidity \(\pm\ \% RH\)< / th >
< th scope = "col" class = "org-right" > Wavelength Accuracy (\(\pm\ \text{ppm}\))< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
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< td class = "org-left" > Attocube< / td >
< td class = "org-right" > 0.1< / td >
< td class = "org-right" > 1< / td >
< td class = "org-right" > 2< / td >
< td class = "org-right" > 0.5< / td >
< / tr >
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< td class = "org-left" > Renishaw< / td >
< td class = "org-right" > 0.2< / td >
< td class = "org-right" > 1< / td >
< td class = "org-right" > 6< / td >
< td class = "org-right" > 1< / td >
< / tr >
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< td class = "org-left" > Picoscale< / td >
< td class = "org-right" > 0.2< / td >
< td class = "org-right" > 2< / td >
< td class = "org-right" > 2< / td >
< td class = "org-right" > 1< / td >
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< / tbody >
< / table >
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< div id = "orgd19975c" class = "figure" >
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< p > < img src = "figs/interferometer_precision.png" alt = "interferometer_precision.png" / >
< / p >
< p > < span class = "figure-number" > Figure 5: < / span > Expected precision of interferometer as a function of measured distance. Taken from cite:jang17< sub > compen< / sub > < sub > refrac< / sub > < sub > index< / sub > < sub > air< / sub > < sub > laser< / sub > < / p >
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< h4 id = "orge74fed5" > < span class = "section-number-4" > 1.3.6< / span > Fiber Optic Displacement Sensor< / h4 >
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< div class = "outline-text-4" id = "text-1-3-6" >
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< td class = "org-left" > Unipulse< / td >
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< h3 id = "orge1364ea" > < span class = "section-number-3" > 1.4< / span > Bibliography< / h3 >
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< div class = "outline-text-3" id = "text-1-4" >
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< p >
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cite:collette12< sub > compar< / sub >
cite:collette12< sub > review< / sub >
cite:fleming13< sub > review< / sub > < sub > nanom< / sub > < sub > resol< / sub > < sub > posit< / sub > < sub > sensor< / sub >
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< h2 id = "orgabf9f04" > < span class = "section-number-2" > 2< / span > Actuators< / h2 >
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< div id = "outline-container-orgec3fd5e" class = "outline-3" >
< h3 id = "orgec3fd5e" > < span class = "section-number-3" > 2.1< / span > Piezoelectric< / h3 >
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< td class = "org-left" > Cedrat< / td >
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< td class = "org-left" > PI< / td >
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< td class = "org-left" > Piezo System< / td >
< td class = "org-left" > < a href = "https://www.piezosystem.com/products/piezo_actuators/stacktypeactuators/" > link< / a > < / td >
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< td class = "org-left" > Noliac< / td >
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< h3 id = "org20c1e41" > < span class = "section-number-3" > 2.2< / span > Voice Coil< / h3 >
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< td class = "org-left" > < a href = "http://www.pbasystems.com.sg/" > link< / a > < / td >
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< td class = "org-left" > Celera Motion< / td >
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< td class = "org-left" > Beikimco< / td >
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< td class = "org-left" > Electromate< / td >
< td class = "org-left" > < a href = "https://www.electromate.com/" > link< / a > < / td >
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< tr >
< td class = "org-left" > Magnetic Innovations< / td >
< td class = "org-left" > < a href = "https://www.magneticinnovations.com/" > link< / a > < / td >
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< h3 id = "orga9c7719" > < span class = "section-number-3" > 2.3< / span > Shaker< / h3 >
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< td class = "org-left" > BKSV< / td >
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< / tr >
< tr >
< td class = "org-left" > Vibration Research< / td >
< td class = "org-left" > < a href = "https://vibrationresearch.com/shakers/" > link< / a > < / td >
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< td class = "org-left" > Sentek Dynamics< / td >
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< p >
< a href = "https://www.bksv.com/en/products/shakers-and-exciters/LDS-shaker-systems/permanent-magnet-shakers/V201" > https://www.bksv.com/en/products/shakers-and-exciters/LDS-shaker-systems/permanent-magnet-shakers/V201< / a >
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< h3 id = "org1da29ca" > < span class = "section-number-3" > 2.4< / span > Brushless DC Motor< / h3 >
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< div class = "outline-text-3" id = "text-2-4" >
< p >
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cite:yedamale03< sub > brush< / sub > < sub > dc< / sub > < sub > bldc< / sub > < sub > motor< / sub > < sub > fundam< / sub >
< / p >
< p >
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< a href = "https://www.electricaltechnology.org/2016/05/bldc-brushless-dc-motor-construction-working-principle.html" > https://www.electricaltechnology.org/2016/05/bldc-brushless-dc-motor-construction-working-principle.html< / a >
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< div id = "outline-container-org011f249" class = "outline-2" >
< h2 id = "org011f249" > < span class = "section-number-2" > 3< / span > Measurement System / Acquisition System< / h2 >
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< div class = "outline-text-2" id = "text-3" >
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< div id = "outline-container-org17d2642" class = "outline-3" >
< h3 id = "org17d2642" > < span class = "section-number-3" > 3.1< / span > Modal Analysis< / h3 >
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< div class = "outline-text-3" id = "text-3-1" >
< p >
< a href = "https://dewesoft.com/applications/structural-dynamics/modal-analysis" > https://dewesoft.com/applications/structural-dynamics/modal-analysis< / a >
Polytec 3D Scanning Laser Vibrometer < a href = "https://www.polytec.com/us/vibrometry/products/full-field-vibrometers/psv-500-scanning-vibrometer/" > https://www.polytec.com/us/vibrometry/products/full-field-vibrometers/psv-500-scanning-vibrometer/< / a >
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< div id = "outline-container-orgf3365f1" class = "outline-2" >
< h2 id = "orgf3365f1" > < span class = "section-number-2" > 4< / span > Control System< / h2 >
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< p >
Dspace, Speedgoat
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< div id = "outline-container-org481e1ce" class = "outline-2" >
< h2 id = "org481e1ce" > < span class = "section-number-2" > 5< / span > Positioning Stages< / h2 >
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< div class = "outline-text-2" id = "text-5" >
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< div id = "outline-container-orgb4655dc" class = "outline-3" >
< h3 id = "orgb4655dc" > < span class = "section-number-3" > 5.1< / span > Hexapods< / h3 >
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< div class = "outline-text-3" id = "text-5-1" >
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< ul class = "org-ul" >
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< li > < a href = "https://www.alioindustries.com/" > https://www.alioindustries.com/< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "https://www.symetrie.fr/en/home/" > https://www.symetrie.fr/en/home/< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://www.physikinstrumente.com/en/products/parallel-kinematic-hexapods/" > https://www.physikinstrumente.com/en/products/parallel-kinematic-hexapods/< / a > < / li >
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< div id = "outline-container-orgc48a5cf" class = "outline-3" >
< h3 id = "orgc48a5cf" > < span class = "section-number-3" > 5.2< / span > Translation/Rotation Stage< / h3 >
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< div class = "outline-text-3" id = "text-5-2" >
< ul class = "org-ul" >
< li > < a href = "https://www.attocube.com/en/products/nanopositioners" > https://www.attocube.com/en/products/nanopositioners< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://www.physikinstrumente.com/en/" > https://www.physikinstrumente.com/en/< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "https://www.aerotech.com/" > https://www.aerotech.com/< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "https://www.etel.ch/" > https://www.etel.ch/< / a > < / li >
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< div id = "outline-container-orgbbd93cc" class = "outline-2" >
< h2 id = "orgbbd93cc" > < span class = "section-number-2" > 6< / span > Amplifiers< / h2 >
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< div class = "outline-text-2" id = "text-6" >
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< div id = "outline-container-org7e96b05" class = "outline-3" >
< h3 id = "org7e96b05" > < span class = "section-number-3" > 6.1< / span > Current Amplifiers< / h3 >
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< div id = "outline-container-org1064094" class = "outline-3" >
< h3 id = "org1064094" > < span class = "section-number-3" > 6.2< / span > Voltage Amplifiers< / h3 >
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< div id = "outline-container-org92a9089" class = "outline-2" >
< h2 id = "org92a9089" > < span class = "section-number-2" > 7< / span > ESRF Equipment< / h2 >
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< div class = "outline-text-2" id = "text-7" >
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< div id = "outline-container-org4a238fa" class = "outline-3" >
< h3 id = "org4a238fa" > < span class = "section-number-3" > 7.1< / span > Geophones< / h3 >
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< div class = "outline-text-3" id = "text-7-1" >
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< div id = "outline-container-org2eb48c6" class = "outline-4" >
< h4 id = "org2eb48c6" > < span class = "section-number-4" > 7.1.1< / span > L-28LB< / h4 >
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< div class = "outline-text-4" id = "text-7-1-1" >
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< ul class = "org-ul" >
< li > < a href = "http://www.sercel.com/products/Pages/seismometers.aspx" > http://www.sercel.com/products/Pages/seismometers.aspx< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "files/Geophones_specifications_Sercel_EN.pdf" > Data Sheet< / a > .< / li >
< / ul >
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< div id = "org81e42a0" class = "figure" >
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< p > < img src = "./figs/L28LB.png" alt = "L28LB.png" / >
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< / p >
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< p > < span class = "figure-number" > Figure 6: < / span > Picture of the L-28LB Geophone< / p >
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< / div >
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< table id = "org142b295" border = "2" cellspacing = "0" cellpadding = "6" rules = "groups" frame = "hsides" >
< caption class = "t-above" > < span class = "table-number" > Table 2:< / span > L-28LB Parameters< / caption >
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< colgroup >
< col class = "org-left" / >
< col class = "org-right" / >
< / colgroup >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td class = "org-left" > Natural Frequency [Hz]< / td >
< td class = "org-right" > 4.5< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td class = "org-left" > Weight [g]< / td >
< td class = "org-right" > 140< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td class = "org-left" > Sensitivity [V/(m/s)]< / td >
< td class = "org-right" > 31.3< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
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< p >
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We define the parameters of the geophone and we plot its bode plot (figure < a href = "#org61ce6c0" > 7< / a > ).
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< / p >
< div class = "org-src-container" >
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< pre class = "src src-matlab" > w0 = 4.5< span class = "org-type" > *< / span > 2< span class = "org-type" > *< / span > < span class = "org-constant" > pi< / span > ; < span class = "org-comment" > % [rad/s]< / span >
ksi = 0.38;
G0 = 31.3; < span class = "org-comment" > % [V/(m/s)]< / span >
G = G0< span class = "org-type" > *< / span > (s< span class = "org-type" > /< / span > w0)< span class = "org-type" > ^< / span > 2< span class = "org-type" > /< / span > ((s< span class = "org-type" > /< / span > w0)< span class = "org-type" > ^< / span > 2 < span class = "org-type" > +< / span > 2< span class = "org-type" > *< / span > ksi< span class = "org-type" > *< / span > (s< span class = "org-type" > /< / span > w0) < span class = "org-type" > +< / span > 1);
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< / pre >
< / div >
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< div id = "org61ce6c0" class = "figure" >
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< p > < img src = "figs/L28LB_bode_plot.png" alt = "L28LB_bode_plot.png" / >
< / p >
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< p > < span class = "figure-number" > Figure 7: < / span > Bode plot of the L-28LB Geophone< / p >
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< div id = "outline-container-orgb9bdb92" class = "outline-4" >
< h4 id = "orgb9bdb92" > < span class = "section-number-4" > 7.1.2< / span > L-4C< / h4 >
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< div class = "outline-text-4" id = "text-7-1-2" >
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< ul class = "org-ul" >
< li > < a href = "http://www.sercel.com/products/Pages/seismometers.aspx" > http://www.sercel.com/products/Pages/seismometers.aspx< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "files/Geophones_specifications_Sercel_EN.pdf" > Data Sheet< / a > .< / li >
< / ul >
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< div id = "orgf0ac798" class = "figure" >
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< p > < img src = "./figs/L4C.png" alt = "L4C.png" / >
< / p >
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< p > < span class = "figure-number" > Figure 8: < / span > Picture of the L-4C Geophone< / p >
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< / div >
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< table id = "orgc9255f6" border = "2" cellspacing = "0" cellpadding = "6" rules = "groups" frame = "hsides" >
< caption class = "t-above" > < span class = "table-number" > Table 3:< / span > L4C Parameters< / caption >
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< colgroup >
< col class = "org-left" / >
< col class = "org-right" / >
< / colgroup >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td class = "org-left" > Natural Frequency [Hz]< / td >
< td class = "org-right" > 1< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td class = "org-left" > Weight [g]< / td >
< td class = "org-right" > 2150< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td class = "org-left" > Sensitivity [V/(m/s)]< / td >
< td class = "org-right" > 276.8< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
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< p >
The transfer function from the velocity and the measured voltage is defined below.
< / p >
< p >
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Its bode plot is shown on figure < a href = "#org5ef3668" > 9< / a > .
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< / p >
< div class = "org-src-container" >
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< pre class = "src src-matlab" > w0 = 2< span class = "org-type" > *< / span > < span class = "org-constant" > pi< / span > ; < span class = "org-comment" > % [rad/s]< / span >
ksi = 0.28;
G0 = 276.8; < span class = "org-comment" > % [V/(m/s)]< / span >
G = G0< span class = "org-type" > *< / span > (s< span class = "org-type" > /< / span > w0)< span class = "org-type" > ^< / span > 2< span class = "org-type" > /< / span > ((s< span class = "org-type" > /< / span > w0)< span class = "org-type" > ^< / span > 2 < span class = "org-type" > +< / span > 2< span class = "org-type" > *< / span > ksi< span class = "org-type" > *< / span > (s< span class = "org-type" > /< / span > w0) < span class = "org-type" > +< / span > 1);
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< / pre >
< / div >
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< div id = "org5ef3668" class = "figure" >
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< p > < img src = "figs/L4C_bode_plot.png" alt = "L4C_bode_plot.png" / >
< / p >
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< p > < span class = "figure-number" > Figure 9: < / span > Bode plot of the L4C Geophone< / p >
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< div id = "outline-container-org9d19902" class = "outline-4" >
< h4 id = "org9d19902" > < span class = "section-number-4" > 7.1.3< / span > L-22< / h4 >
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< div class = "outline-text-4" id = "text-7-1-3" >
< ul class = "org-ul" >
< li > < a href = "https://www.passcal.nmt.edu/content/instrumentation/sensors/short-period-sensors/l-22-sp-sensor" > https://www.passcal.nmt.edu/content/instrumentation/sensors/short-period-sensors/l-22-sp-sensor< / a > < / li >
< / ul >
< / div >
< / div >
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< div id = "outline-container-org8cac7ce" class = "outline-3" >
< h3 id = "org8cac7ce" > < span class = "section-number-3" > 7.2< / span > Accelerometers< / h3 >
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< div class = "outline-text-3" id = "text-7-2" >
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< / div >
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< div id = "outline-container-org1af85ed" class = "outline-4" >
< h4 id = "org1af85ed" > < span class = "section-number-4" > 7.2.1< / span > Pieozoelectric acc. 356b18 - 3 axis< / h4 >
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< div class = "outline-text-4" id = "text-7-2-1" >
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< ul class = "org-ul" >
< li > < a href = "https://www.pcbpiezotronics.fr/produit/accelerometres/356b18/" > https://www.pcbpiezotronics.fr/produit/accelerometres/356b18/< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "files/356B18_G.pdf" > Data Sheet< / a > .< / li >
< / ul >
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< div id = "org74b4d72" class = "figure" >
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< p > < img src = "./figs/356b18.jpg" alt = "356b18.jpg" / >
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< / p >
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< p > < span class = "figure-number" > Figure 10: < / span > Pieozoelectric acc. 356b18 - 3 axis< / p >
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< table id = "orgdf4ad5b" border = "2" cellspacing = "0" cellpadding = "6" rules = "groups" frame = "hsides" >
< caption class = "t-above" > < span class = "table-number" > Table 4:< / span > 356b18 Parameters< / caption >
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< colgroup >
< col class = "org-left" / >
< col class = "org-left" / >
< / colgroup >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td class = "org-left" > Sensitivity< / td >
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< td class = "org-left" > 0.102 \(V/(m/s^2)\)< / td >
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< / tr >
< tr >
< td class = "org-left" > Measurement Range< / td >
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< td class = "org-left" > 4.9 \(m/s^2\) pk< / td >
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< / tr >
< tr >
< td class = "org-left" > Frequency Range< / td >
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< td class = "org-left" > 0.5 to 3000 Hz< / td >
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< / tr >
< tr >
< td class = "org-left" > resonant frequency< / td >
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< td class = "org-left" > > 20000 hz< / td >
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< / tr >
< tr >
< td class = "org-left" > broadband resolution< / td >
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< td class = "org-left" > 0.0005 \(m/s^2\) rms< / td >
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< / div >
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< div id = "outline-container-org5b121e6" class = "outline-4" >
< h4 id = "org5b121e6" > < span class = "section-number-4" > 7.2.2< / span > Ceramic acc. 393B05 - 1 axis< / h4 >
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< div class = "outline-text-4" id = "text-7-2-2" >
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< ul class = "org-ul" >
< li > < a href = "http://www.pcb.com/products.aspx?m=393B05" > http://www.pcb.com/products.aspx?m=393B05< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "files/393B05_K.pdf" > Data Sheet< / a > .< / li >
< / ul >
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< div id = "org6fd3563" class = "figure" >
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< p > < img src = "./figs/393b05.jpg" alt = "393b05.jpg" / >
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< / p >
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< p > < span class = "figure-number" > Figure 11: < / span > Ceramic acc. 393B05 - 1 axis< / p >
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< / div >
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< table id = "org50a7223" border = "2" cellspacing = "0" cellpadding = "6" rules = "groups" frame = "hsides" >
< caption class = "t-above" > < span class = "table-number" > Table 5:< / span > 393B05 Parameters< / caption >
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< colgroup >
< col class = "org-left" / >
< col class = "org-left" / >
< / colgroup >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td class = "org-left" > Sensitivity (±10 %)< / td >
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< td class = "org-left" > 1.02 \(V/(m/s^2)\)< / td >
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< / tr >
< tr >
< td class = "org-left" > Measurement Range< / td >
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< td class = "org-left" > 4.9 \(m/s^2\) pk< / td >
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< / tr >
< tr >
< td class = "org-left" > Frequency Range (±5 %)< / td >
< td class = "org-left" > 0.7 to 450 Hz< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td class = "org-left" > resonant frequency< / td >
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< td class = "org-left" > > 2500 hz< / td >
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< / tr >
< tr >
< td class = "org-left" > broadband resolution< / td >
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< td class = "org-left" > 0.00004 \(m/s^2\) rms< / td >
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< / tbody >
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< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
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< div id = "outline-container-org1f35a50" class = "outline-3" >
< h3 id = "org1f35a50" > < span class = "section-number-3" > 7.3< / span > Modal analysis< / h3 >
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< div class = "outline-text-3" id = "text-7-3" >
< p >
< a href = "http://www.oros.com/3900-oros-modal-2.htm" > http://www.oros.com/3900-oros-modal-2.htm< / a >
< / p >
< / div >
< / div >
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< div id = "postamble" class = "status" >
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< p class = "author" > Author: Dehaeze Thomas< / p >
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< p class = "date" > Created: 2020-02-04 mar. 17:05< / p >
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